Title: Multi-pitch improved ridge-seal for tiled roofs
Abstract: A ridge seal molding has a back section for nailing to a ridge beam, and a front section formed at an angle to the back section and having a shape in the direction of the length to substantially continuously contact adjacent tiles along a front edge. In various embodiments there are one or more reinforcing ribs in the general direction of the width of the molding. In some embodiments two or more nail positions are marked in the back section for use with roofs of a specific pitch range, UV resistant material to provide improved durability, a receptacle groove formed along the front edge and opening downward toward the tile, such that a sealing material may be placed in the groove prior to installing the ridge seal molding to a roof ridge, and panels simulating a concrete surface for a mudded-in look. A system is provided as well for dedicating ridge seals to specific pitch ranges.
Patent Number: 6,840,014 Issued on 01/11/2005 to Reeves
| Inventors:
|
Reeves; Eric Norman (San Jose, CA)
|
| Assignee:
|
So-Lite Corporation (San Jose, CA)
|
| Appl. No.:
|
459236 |
| Filed:
|
June 10, 2003 |
| Current U.S. Class: |
52/57; 52/199; 52/302.3; 52/302.6; 277/590; 454/365 |
| Intern'l Class: |
F24F 007/02; F24F013/08 |
| Field of Search: |
52/57,105,199,320.3,302.6,311.1,241.4
454/365
277/590
|
References Cited [Referenced By]
U.S. Patent Documents
| 3236170 | Feb., 1966 | Meyer et al. | 454/365.
|
| 4280399 | Jul., 1981 | Cunning | 454/365.
|
| D277502 | Feb., 1985 | Williamson et al. | D23/373.
|
| 4685265 | Aug., 1987 | Cooper | 52/277.
|
| 4788801 | Dec., 1988 | Jones | 52/57.
|
| 5740634 | Apr., 1998 | Schade | 52/43.
|
| 6015343 | Jan., 2000 | Castillo et al. | 454/365.
|
| 6243995 | Jun., 2001 | Reeves et al. | 52/94.
|
| 6598353 | Jul., 2003 | Reeves | 52/57.
|
| 6598356 | Jul., 2003 | Sells | 52/90.
|
| Foreign Patent Documents |
| WO 00/66855 | Nov., 2000 | WO | .
|
Primary Examiner: Canfield; Robert
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Boys; Donald R.
Central Coast Patent Agency, Inc.
Parent Case Text
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED DOCUMENTS
The present application is a continuation of patent application U.S. Ser.
No. 09/304,508, filed May 3, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,598,353,
incorporates all matter in that application at least by reference, and
claims priority for all claims to the filing date of that parent
application.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A seal molding having a length in a first direction and a width in a
second direction, the molding for sealing between a beam running in the
direction of the length and adjacent tiles having an undulating shape in
the same direction, the seal molding comprising:
a back section for nailing to the beam; and
a front section formed at an angle greater than approximately 120 degrees
to the back section and having a shape in the direction of the length
substantially the same as the undulating shape of the tiles.
2. The seal molding of claim 1 wherein two or more nail positions are
marked in the back section for use with roofs of different pitch range.
3. The seal molding of claim 1 wherein the material for the seal molding is
a material formulated for resistance to ultraviolet deterioration.
4. The seal molding of claim 1 wherein a receptacle groove is formed along
a front edge, such that a sealing material may be placed in the groove
prior to installing the seal molding.
5. The seal molding of claim 1 wherein the undulating shape of the front
section in the direction of the length is a repeating shape of high and
low regions matching the shape over adjacent tiles, and wherein panels
substantially orthogonal to the direction of the width are formed between
adjacent high regions, simulating a concrete surface.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is in the field of roofing construction and pertains
particularly to methods and apparatus for sealing ridge terminations on a
tiled roof from effects of weather and exposure.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In the field of roofing construction, one of the most popular and
sought-after coverings is tile. A tile roof is a roofing system comprising
a plurality of individual tiles made of fired clay, or, more recently a
composite material. Tiles for such roofing construction are shaped and
arranged on a roof to lie in overlapping fashion so as to completely cover
a roof in a manner that rainwater will drain from one tile to another off
the roof area.
Because tiles are rigid, three-dimensional shapes, intimate fit between one
tile and another in an overlapping arrangement is less than perfect. For
the same reason, sealing and protecting interfaces between one surface
area on a roof and another, such as ridges and valleys, is often a
problem. Sealing and finishing ridges is of particular importance, and is
the subject of the present patent application. The ridges are the
locations on a roof here opposite pitches of the roof meet at the top.
Typically, a ridge-board or ridge-nailer, as it is sometimes termed, is
installed along the length of a ridge and separates uppermost rows of
tiles on either side after the tiles are installed. The ridge nailer
projects above the height of tile on each side of the ridge, and is used
in many instances for adding a ridge seal before cap tiles are placed on
the ridge.
A persistent problem with developing and manufacturing ridge seals, which
are typically relatively thin plastic moldings, is that roof pitches vary
widely, and it is often necessary to make several different models of
ridge seals to accommodate the range of pitches that may be encountered.
Another problem is that it is desirable that the lower edges of ridge
seals conform to the shape of adjacent tiles and firmly and intimately
contact the tiles below the ridge line, to effectively bar wind and water
from entering the ridge area under the cap tiles.
Still another problem proceeds from the fact that the cap tiles lie on the
adjacent, repeating peaks across adjacent tiles, leaving very apparent
openings under the cap tiles. A practice much used before the advent of
plastic molded ridge seals has been to fill these openings with concrete.
This practice is termed mudding-in in the art. The appearance of mudding
in is typically desirable to homeowners, but is not efficient, is
time-consuming, and is also less than durable. Over time the concrete used
chips away, and may slide down the tiles creating a debris problem, may
clog drains, and may even pose a safety hazard.
What is clearly needed is a method and apparatus for ridge sealing a tiled
roof that is more universally applicable to varying pitches, more easily
applied, more resistant to UV exposure, stronger, and more effective in
sealing the ridges. Such a system would cut roofing costs by eliminating
otherwise required labor, and increase longevity of a one-time tile
installation without adding to maintenance time and cost.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention a ridge seal molding
having a length and width, comprising a back section for nailing to a
ridge beam, providing thereby a continuous contact along the length to the
ridge beam; and a front section formed at an angle to the back section and
having a shape in the direction of the length to substantially
continuously contact adjacent tiles along a front edge. The ridge seal
molding has one or more reinforcing ribs in the general direction of the
width of the molding.
In one embodiment two or more nail positions are marked in the back section
for use with roofs of a specific pitch range. In another the material for
the ridge seal molding is a material formulated for resistance to
ultraviolet deterioration. In yet another a receptacle groove is formed
along the front edge and opening downward toward the tile, such that a
sealing material may be placed in the groove prior to installing the ridge
seal molding to a roof ridge, and in installation the sealant material
will seal to both the tiles and to the ridge seal molding. In still
another the shape of the front section in the direction of the length is a
repeating shape of high and low regions matching the shape over adjacent
tiles, and wherein panels substantially orthogonal to the direction of the
width are formed between adjacent high regions, simulating a concrete
surface.
Also in a preferred embodiment a system of multiple ridge seal moldings for
a maximum pitch range of tile roofs, wherein each ridge seal molding has a
common a length and width, a back section for nailing to a ridge beam,
providing thereby a continuous contact along the length to the ridge beam,
and a front section formed at an angle to the back section and having a
shape in the direction of the length to substantially continuously contact
adjacent tiles along a front edge. In that a first ridge seal having a
first angle between the front and back sections is dedicated to a first
range of the maximum pitch range from the most shallow pitch to an
intermediate pitch, and a second ridge seal having a second angle between
the front and back sections is dedicated to a second range of the maximum
pitch range from, the intermediate pitch to the steepest pitch in the
range.
In another aspect of the invention a ridge seal molding having a length and
width is provided, comprising a back section for nailing to a ridge beam,
providing thereby a continuous contact along the length to the ridge beam;
and a front section formed at an angle to the back section and having a
shape in the direction of the length to substantially continuously contact
adjacent tiles along a front edge. This ridge seal is characterized in
that two or more nail positions are marked in the back section for use
with roofs of a specific pitch range.
In still another embodiment a ridge seal molding having a length and width
is provided, comprising a back section for nailing to a ridge beam,
providing thereby a continuous contact along the length to the ridge beam;
and a front section formed at an angle to the back section and having a
shape in the direction of the length to substantially continuously contact
adjacent tiles along a front edge. In this embodiment the ridge seal is
characterized in that a receptacle groove is formed along the front edge
and opening downward toward the tile, such that a sealing material may be
placed in the groove prior to installing the ridge seal molding to a roof
ridge, and in installation the sealant material will seal to both the
tiles and to the ridge seal molding.
In still another embodiment a ridge seal molding having a length and width
is provided, comprising a back section for nailing to a ridge beam,
providing thereby a continuous contact along the length to the ridge beam;
and a front section formed at an angle to the back section and having a
shape in the direction of the length to substantially continuously contact
adjacent tiles along a front edge. This ridge seal is characterized in
that the shape of the front section in the direction of the length is a
repeating shape of high and low regions to match the shape over adjacent
tiles, and wherein panels substantially orthogonal to the direction of the
width are formed between adjacent high regions, simulating a concrete
surface.
As is seen by the above summary, significant contributions are made herein
to the art of tile roofing, and the contributions are described below in
enabling detail.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FEATURES
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a ridge region of a tiled roof
illustrating installed ridge-seals according to an embodiment of the
present invention.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a ridge-seal according to an embodiment of
the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a section view of the ridge-seal of FIG. 2 taken along the
section lines AA.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram illustrating nail positions according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating alternative nail positions for ridge seals
according to embodiments of the present invention.
FIG. 6 illustrates special panels in a ridge seal according to an
embodiment of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a ridge area 11 of a tiled roof
illustrating installed ridge-seals 13 according to an embodiment of the
present invention. Roof area 11 is typical of a tiled-roof ridge. Wooden
roof beams 17 are joined at the ridge at an angle by way of ridge beam 18.
This forms an underlying roof-structure having a particular pitch that may
vary considerably from roof to roof.
Wooden panels 29, typically plywood, are laid over beams 17 and nailed in
place to form a support surface for accepting a tile roof. Wooden
cross-members 23, sometimes termed bats, are then strategically located
and nailed to panels 29 to form a series of retainers over which tiles may
be laid to form the tile roof. In some cases the plywood panels are not
installed and the bats are nailed directly to the roof beams. Tiles 25 are
hung adjacent to one another beginning at the lower edges of each roof
area and overlapped in a series of rows with cross-members 23 supporting
and guiding the locations of each ascending row of tiles until the ridge
is reached.
Uppermost tiles 21 are identical to tiles 25 with the exception that they
occupy the top row of tiles adjacent to and on either side of a ridge-beam
19. After placing tiles over cross-members 23, they are nailed in position
to cross-members 23 with roofing nails 27. Cap tiles 15 are then placed
over ridge-beam 19 to complete the installation. The above-described
assembly and components represent an example of a typical tile-roof
installation to which the method and apparatus of the present invention
may be practiced.
As shown in FIG. 1, ridge-seals 13 according to an embodiment of the
present invention are nailed to ridge beam 19, and, because of their shape
and structure, provide an effective seal both along the ridge beam and
along the adjacent tiles all along the ridge, effectively sealing the
vulnerable ridge region from weather effects.
FIG. 2 is a somewhat simplified perspective view of overlapping tiles 21
along a roof ridge with a cap tiles 15 in place, viewing in a direction
about 90 degrees from the view of FIG. 1. The overlapping tiles 21 have,
as is well-known in the art, peaks and valleys as shown, and because the
cap tiles rest on the peaks of tiles 21, at points 18, there are open
regions 20 beneath cap tiles 15 into volume 22 (see FIG. 1). In the view
of FIG. 2A a portion of ridge seals 13 may be seen through the openings
20. In this view some small details of ridge seal 13 are omitted to avoid
confusion in the drawing, but these details are described below.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of ridge-seal 13 of FIG. 1 according to an
embodiment of the present invention, disclosing more detail. Ridge-seal 13
in this embodiment is a molded polymer sheet with a back region 31 adapted
to interface with a ridge nailer as shown in FIG. 1 in cross-section, and
a front region 47 adapted to interface with the shape over adjacent,
overlapped tiles, as best seen in FIG. 2A. In simple embodiments as known
in the prior art, all of the surfaces are smooth rather than having
reinforcements and other features as shown in FIG. 3, and the angle
between ridge-nailer region 31 and tile-interface region is provided
typically very near the pitch angle of a tiled roof to be sealed with
ridge seals. That is, a relatively large number of different models of
ridge seals are typically provided in the art to accommodate relatively
narrow deviations in pitch.
In a preferred embodiment ridge-seal 13 is molded to the necessary shape
and dimensions from a UV-resistant all-weather polymer material. Such
materials are known in the art, but have not been used for ridge seals.
The inventor's belief is that those with skill in the art have heretofore
believed that the position of ridge seals under the cap tiles, protected
from direct sunlight, has made it unnecessary for UV-resistant materials
to be used. The inventor has discovered, however, that indirect sunlight
can also have a deteriorating effect, and that UV-resistant materials are
needed in some circumstances.
Ridge-seal 13 may be manufactured to any suitable length for modular
installation, and may be of different thickness for different
applications. A typical thickness is on the order of 1/8 inch. Convenient
cut-lines or marks may be provided at symmetrical locations on ridge-seal
13 for cutting of different lengths for field use.
Flange 31 is angled away from main corrugate body 41 at an approximate 30
degrees from vertical. When flange 31 is nailed to the vertical surface of
a ridge beam such as beam 19 of FIG. 1, corrugate body 41 of ridge-seal 13
is urged downward by resulting pressure against the uppermost row of tiles
such as tiles 21 (FIG. 1). More detail about a method for applying
downward pressure to corrugate body 41 will be provided below.
Drawing attention now to FIG. 1 again, it may be seen that in nailing
portion 31 by nail 12 to ridge beam 19 portion 31 is not typically nailed
flush to the surface of the ridge beam. The angle between portion 31 and
47 is always selected to be greater than the angle between the vertical
edge of the ridge nailer and the slope of the roof. The result is, that
nailing portion 31 to the ridge nailer puts downward pressure along the
front edge of portion 47 of the ridge seal, urging that front edge firmly
against the tiles along the length of the ridge seal. This pressure is
essential to a good seal to the tiles, to prevent wind, for example, from
raising the front edge of the ridge seal.
Referring again back to FIG. 3, in the embodiment shown a plurality of
raised ribs 33 are provided and arranged in rows along portion 31 in the
direction orthogonal to the length of the ridge seal and extend laterally
into portion 47 of the ridge seal. The purpose of these molded ribs is to
locally reduce the flexibility of ridge-seal 13 in region 31 and at least
a portion of region 47, including the interface line between portion 31
and 47. This feature increases strength and enables more downward pressure
to be exerted on tiles when ridge-seal 13 is nailed into position than if
the ribs were not there. In this example ribs 33 are strategically located
in regions of flange 31 that are more likely to be flexible. In some
embodiments raised ribs may also be added to the minor-width areas of
flange 31 and may extend into the top surface of portion 47 such that the
entire flange 31 and the adjacent portion of corrugate body 41 is provided
with reinforcing ribs.
In this embodiment reinforcing ribs 33 do not extend to the upper edge of
back portion 31, because it is intended that this upper edge provides a
straight sealing surface against the top edge of the ridge nailer. The
same angle limitation described above that ensures pressure along the
bottom edge of portion 47 against adjacent tiles ensures pressure along
the upper edge of portion 31 against the ridge nailer.
In some embodiments more or fewer reinforcing ribs are used than shown in
the drawing.
Portion 47 similarly has a plurality of raised ribs 35 in the direction of
the length of ridge seal. Each rib 35 is of a suitable length to cover the
width of raised areas of portion 47, but does not extend into adjacent
lower area. Ribs 35 act to reduce flexibility and add strength locally
across the raised areas of portion 47. Another raised rib 37 is provided
as a contiguous rib extending over the entire length of ridge seal 13 in
the direction of the length. The purpose of rib 37 is also to reduce
flexibility thereby adding strength. The area of displacement provided
between ribs 37 and 35 may be such as desired by the manufacturer for
obtaining more or less flexibility. For example, more ribs placed closer
together reduce local flexibility by a larger degree. The same is true for
ribs 33. Similarly, there may be more or fewer ribs such as ribs 33, 35,
and 37 formed in ridge-seal 13 without departing from the spirit and scope
of the present invention.
A contiguous shoulder-rib 39 is formed alongside of and in close proximity
to rib 37. Shoulder rib 39 characterizes a downward formation (shoulder)
of which the under-side edge thereof provides an intimate contact line
with the corrugated surface of the uppermost row of tiles (tiles 21 of
FIG. 1) when ridge-seal 13 is nailed into position. This first contact
line extends (laterally) over the sum of widths of all covered tiles
placed in a row such that a lateral seal may be created that conforms with
the corrugated profile presented by the row of tiles. In one embodiment, a
cord of sealing material, such as caulking material may be laid along the
under-side recess formed by rib 39 such that an effective seal is against
the adjacent covered tiles.
In this embodiment yet another rib 43 is provided and extends contiguously
along the front edge of portion 47 and is substantially parallel to
shoulder rib 39. Rib 43 is formed at the same level presented by shoulder
rib 39 such that it provides a second line of contiguous contact with
uppermost tiles in the same fashion previously described. A sealing
material may also be laid along the under-recess formed by rib 43 thereby
providing a second contiguous seal that provides an effective barrier to
weather effects. If a sealant is used to seal at both rib 39 and at rib
43, a double seal effect is created. It should be noted that the use of
sealing material is not required in the practice of the present invention
in order to form an effective seal. The lower contacting surfaces of
shoulder 39 and the area of rib 43 form a contiguous seal under pressure.
The provision of recesses adapted to accept mastic material is a
convenience that may provide extra protection in areas where high winds
are more frequent and prevalent than other areas troublesome. A peripheral
lip 49 extends from the edge of seal rib 43 and forms the edge of front
portion 47. Lip 49 also makes contact with underlain tiles. A plurality of
raised annuluses 51 are provided at nail locations of underlying tiles to
accommodate raised nail heads.
FIG. 4 is a section view of ridge-seal 13 of FIG. 3 taken along section
line 4--4 of FIG. 3. In this section view the heavier line represents the
cut section through the relatively thin material used to make the molding.
This view also presents a dual-planer nature exhibited by the surface
profile of portion 47 exemplifying a lower surface-plane A and a lower
surface-plane B as represented by lines A and B. The lower surfaces of Lip
49, rib 43, and the lower edge of shoulder seal 39 are at surface plane B
while the lower surface of the remaining portion of ridge-seal 13 toward
back portion 31 lies at lower surface-plane A. This configuration produces
an intimate contact surface, which is surface plane B, between underlying
tiles (not shown) and ridge-seal 13 as previously described. Recesses
presented by rib 43 and shoulder rib 39 may be filled with a sealant as
previously described and as illustrated. In some environments where wind
driven rain is not a major factor or particularly troublesome, mastic
sealing may be applied to only one of ribs 43 or 39, or perhaps, not at
all. In these areas the sealant-receiving ribs may not be molded in the
ridge seals.
As previously described, ribs 33, 35, and 37 are provided to reduce
flexibility thereby adding strength. Angle A 31 is approximately 120
degrees in this embodiment, but may be at other angles as appropriate for
different applications. This angle is always significantly greater than
the obtuse angle of the roof with vertical, so the lower edge of the ridge
seal will be firmly urges against the roof tiles across the width of the
ridge seal.
In a preferred embodiment two models of ridge seals are provided to be
effectively applicable to roofs of pitch all the way from very shallow to
very steep, say from about ten degrees to as much as 45 degrees. Steeper
pitch is considered dangerous, as loose tiles can slide off roofs of very
steep pitch.
A first model for two model coverage has an angle A of about 120 degrees,
and is for use on roofs from a pitch of about ten degrees to about 22.5
degrees. A second model has an angle A of about 150 degrees, and is
intended for roofs with a pitch of from 30 degrees up to 45 degrees.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating alternative nail positions for ridge seals
according to embodiments of the present invention. A user installing
ridge-seal 13 to a ridge-beam 19 must take into account the pitch of the
roof. Although in the art pitch is defined as the linear vertical change
over linear horizontal change along a roof line, such as 4:12, which means
4 inches vertically for 12 inches horizontally, pitch is referred to
herein as an angle with horizontal; a 10 degree pitch then is very
shallow, and a 45 degree pitch is very steep.
A system utilizing two models for covering a broad range of pitch, over the
range likely to be encountered, was described just above. In this system,
as pitch changes within each range, the relative initial angle of back
portion 31 of a ridge seal according to an embodiment of the invention
with the vertical surface of the ridge nailer will vary.
Consider the first of two seals with a molded angle A of 120 degrees
applied to a roof with a ten degree pitch. The initial angle of portion 31
with the vertical surface of the ridge nailer beam will be 50 degrees.
With such a large angle, one would preferably position a nail relatively
high on portion 31, for example, at position 53. Applied to roofs of
greater pitch, the initial angle is less. For example, the same ridge seal
applied to a roof of 20 degrees pitch will have an initial 40 degree
angle. To a roof of pitch 30 degrees, the angle will be 30 degrees.
It is desirable that the initial angle be relatively large, so in the
nailing, significant pressure may be applied to the seal line at the
bottom edge of portion 47 over the tiles. In this scheme the initial angle
is always at least 30 degrees. Still, as the initial nailing angle becomes
smaller, one will have to drive a nail further into the nailer beam to
accomplish adequate pressure along the lower sealing line. Driving the
nail further is not always a good option, however, as it entails extra
effort and time. Because of this, in the two models provided to cover the
expected pitch range, at least two nails positions are marked in back
portion 31, these being 53 and 55 as shown in FIG. 5.
For the first ridge seal, identified as PR 1, for pitch range 1, having an
angle A of 120 degrees, one would use nail position 53 for pitch from
about 10 to about 20 degrees, and nail position 55 from about 20 degrees
to about 30 degrees. For the other ridge seal, identified as PR2, one
would use the first nail position 53 for pitch of from 30 to about 38
degrees, and the second nail position 55 for pitch from about 38 to about
45 degrees. These nail positions are also shown marked in FIG. 2. In some
embodiments the positions are predrilled, and may also have reinforced
shoulders.
In another embodiment of the present invention, to simulate the mudded-in
look that is popular with some homeowners, without the necessity of using
concrete, with the mess and danger that this procedure brings, special
panel 45 are molded into the ridge seal as shown in FIG. 6. These panels
are textured and colored to simulate concrete, so that, when installed,
the panels 45 are seen at the openings 20 of FIG. 2. It will be apparent
to the skilled artisan that the panels can take any of several forms, and
may be textured and colored in any of several ways.
It will be apparent also to one with skill in the art that there are a
number of alterations that may be made in embodiments of the present
invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present
invention. For example, one style of ridge-seal may be used modularly on
different pitch roofs by way of conventions already described. Moreover,
such a ridge-seal may be formed to work with a wide variety of different
tile sizes and shapes. Variant colors and patterns simulating clay,
concrete, etc. may be provided for different tile styles. The present
invention should be afforded the broadest scope. The spirit and scope of
the present invention is limited only by the claims that follow.
*
