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Tuner receiving system, control unit for receiving radio waves by using tuner, storage medium from which data can be read out by using computer, and method of receiving radio waves by using tune Number:6,975,844 from the United States Patent and Trademark Office (PTO) owispatent

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Title: Tuner receiving system, control unit for receiving radio waves by using tuner, storage medium from which data can be read out by using computer, and method of receiving radio waves by using tune

Abstract: A tuner receiving system, a control unit for controlling a tuner receiving operation, a computer readable storage medium, and a method of receiving radio waves by using a tuner, are disclosed. The tuner receiving system outputs video and audio signals by processing the signals sent out when communication is established between a tuner unit for receiving radio waves from external sources and a capture card or the like. The main part of the system or the control unit discriminates the type of the tuner included in the tuner unit, based on a control signal output from the tuner unit after the start of the communication between the tuner unit and the communication interface unit, and displays a receiving station corresponding to a channel receivable by the tuner, in accordance with the type of the tuner and information from the communication interface unit.

Patent Number: 6,975,844 Issued on 12/13/2005 to Obitsu


Inventors: Obitsu; Toshiro (Inagi, JP)
Assignee: Fujitsu Limited (Kawasaki, JP)
Appl. No.: 734705
Filed: December 13, 2000

Foreign Application Priority Data

Feb 15, 2000[JP]2000-036613

Current U.S. Class: 455/193.1; 455/150.1; 455/160.1; 455/566
Intern'l Class: H04B 001/18
Field of Search: 455/1931,596,87,150.1,154.1,154.2,160.1,197.3,178.1,187.1,188.1,191.1,340


References Cited [Referenced By]

U.S. Patent Documents
6243141Jun., 2001Nio et al.
Foreign Patent Documents
6-46427Feb., 1994JP.
10-39970Feb., 1998JP.
10-39971Feb., 1998JP.

Primary Examiner: Tran; CongVan
Attorney, Agent or Firm: Staas & Halsey LLP

Claims



1. A tuner receiving system, comprising:

a tuner unit performing a tuning operation by receiving radio waves sent from external sources;

a communication interface unit, connected to said tuner unit, performing a communication with said tuner unit;

a main part of the system, processing a signal sent out from said communication interface unit and outputting predetermined data, being configured to discriminate a type of tuner included in said tuner unit, based on a first control signal indicating receipt of a specific address output from said tuner unit within a predetermined time after said communication between the tuner unit and said communication interface unit has started and the specific address has been transmitted from the communication interface unit to the tuner unit, the receiving frequencies corresponding to channels receivable by said tuner, in accordance with the type of said tuner and information from said communication interface unit, being sequentially set for establishing the communication; and

when it is determined that the level of a second control signal returned from the tuner is normal, the type of the tuner is discriminated on the basis of the second control signal and all receiving stations, corresponding to channels receivable by the tuner, are displayed in accordance with the type of the tuner thus discriminated and information sent from the communication interface unit.

2. A tuner receiving system according to claim 1, wherein:

said main part of the system determines and displays that no tuner is included in said tuner unit, in the case in which said control signal is not output from said tuner unit before the lapse of the predetermined time from the start of said communication.

3. A control unit receiving radio waves by using a tuner included in a tuner unit and in which communication is established between said tuner unit, receiving said radio waves of a given channel sent from external sources so as to carry out a tuning operation, and a communication interface unit, connected to said tuner unit, and a signal sent out from said communication interface unit is processed and predetermined data is output, said control unit comprising:

a unit sequentially setting the receiving frequencies, corresponding to the channels receivable by the tuner, in the case in which a first control signal indicating the receipt of a specific address is output from the tuner within a predetermined time after a communication between the tuner unit and a communication interface unit has started and the specific address has been transmitted from the communication interface unit to the tuner unit;

a unit discriminating the type of said tuner included in said tuner unit, based on a control signal output from said tuner unit within a predetermined time after the start of said communication; and

a unit displaying all receiving stations corresponding to the channels receivable by said tuner, in accordance with the type of said tuner thus discriminated and information from said communication interface unit.

4. A control unit according to claim 3, further comprising a unit determining and displaying that no tuner is included in said tuner unit, in the case in which the control signal is not output from the tuner unit before the lapse of a predetermined time from the start of said communication.

5. A storage medium readable by a computer, storing a program controlling the computer to establish communication between a tuner unit, having a tuner receiving radio waves of a given channel sent from external sources so as to carry out a turning operation, and a communication interface unit connected to said tuner unit, to process a signal sent out from said communication interface unit and to output predetermined data, by:

sequentially setting the receiving frequencies, corresponding to the channels receivable by the tuner, in the case in which a first control signal indicating the receipt of a specific address is output from the tuner within a predetermined time after a communication between the tuner unit and a communication interface unit has started and the specific address has been transmitted from the communication interface unit to the tuner unit;

discriminating the type of the tuner included in the tuner unit, based on a control signal output from said tuner unit after a start of a communication between said tuner unit and the communication interface unit; and

displaying all receiving stations corresponding to the channels receivable by said tuner, in accordance with the discriminated type of said tuner and information from said communication interface unit.

6. A method of receiving radio waves by using a tuner, included in a tuner unit, to establish communication between a tuner unit receiving said radio waves of a given channel sent from external sources so as to carry out a tuning operation, and a communication interface unit connected to said tuner unit, to process a signal sent out from said communication interface unit and to output predetermined data, said method comprising:

sequentially setting the receiving frequencies, corresponding to the channels receivable by the tuner, in the case in which a first control signal indicating the receipt of a specific address is output from the tuner within a predetermined time after a communication between the tuner unit and a communication interface unit has started and the specific address has been transmitted from the communication interface unit to the tuner unit;

discriminating the type of the tuner included in said tuner unit, based on a control signal output from said tuner unit within a predetermined time after the start of said communication; and

displaying all receiving stations corresponding to the channels receivable by said tuner, in accordance with the discriminated type of said tuner and information from said communication interface unit.
Description



BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a tuner receiving system, a control unit for receiving radio waves by using a tuner, a storage medium which can be read by using a computer, and a method of receiving radio waves by using a tuner, in which a signal sent out from a communication interface unit is processed and data such as images and sounds are output in the case in which a communication is established between a tuner unit, such as a tuner box, for receiving radio waves, such as color television broadcasting waves, sent from an external source and a communication interface unit, such as a capture card, connected to the tuner unit.

In recent years, various tuner receiving systems have been almost established for personal computers, in which an arbitrary signal sent from an external television system (usually called a TV system) is received by a tuner, and video data and audio data can be output. Some of such tuner receiving systems operate in such a manner that video and audio signals from external sources are input by connecting a detachable capture card to the main part of a personal computer. A tuner exclusively for each of the above tuner receiving systems is available, which can be connected to the capture card, via a video signal input terminal and an audio signal input terminal that are disposed in the tuner for connecting the tuner to the capture card. A tuner box having this tuner built therein is controlled by the above capture card. It should be noted that the specifications of the tuner built in the tuner box are usually fixed. However, a video/audio input system using the capture card is required to meet various needs, and also the tuner is required to meet various requirements including the specifications corresponding to overseas broadcast, in spite of the above fact.

2. Description of the Related Art

The exclusive tuner connected to the capture card included in a conventional tuner receiving system is controlled by the use of a control signal (such as a serial control signal) sent from the capture card connected to the tuner, and operations of the tuner are also controlled by this control signal.

For reference, lists of receiving frequencies for Japanese channels, U.S. channels, the U.S. channels for CATV (cable television), European channels, European channels for CATV and Chinese channels are shown in Tables 1 to 6 mentioned below.
TABLE 1
List of Receiving Frequencies in Japanese Channels
Local Local
Video Audio Oscil- Video Audio Oscil-
CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image
No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq. No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq.
1  93 90-96  91.25  95.75 150 208.75 32 587 584-590 585.25 589.75 644 702.75
2  99  96-102  97.25 101.75 156 214.75 33 593 590-596 591.25 595.75 650 708.75
3 105 102-108 103.25 107.75 162 220.75 34 599 596-602 597.25 601.75 656 714.75
4 173 170-176 171.25 175.75 230 288.75 35 605 602-608 603.25 607.75 662 720.75
5 179 176-182 177.25 181.75 236 294.75 36 611 608-614 609.25 613.75 668 726.75
6 185 182-188 183.25 187.75 242 300.75 37 627 614-620 615.25 619.75 674 732.75
7 191 188-194 189.25 193.75 248 306.75 38 623 620-626 621.25 625.75 680 738.75
8 195 192-198 193.25 197.75 252 310.75 39 629 626-632 627.25 631.75 686 744.75
24 539 536-542 537.25 541.75 596 654.75 55 725 722-728 723.25 727.75 782 840.75
25 545 542-548 543.25 547.75 602 660.75 56 731 728-734 729.25 733.75 788 846.75
26 551 548-554 549.25 553.75 608 666.75 57 737 734-740 735.25 739.75 794 852.75
27 557 554-560 555.25 559.75 614 672.75 58 743 740-746 741.25 745.75 880 858.75
28 563 560-566 561.25 565.75 620 678.75 59 749 746-752 747.25 751.75 806 864.75
29 569 566-572 567.25 571.75 626 684.75 60 755 752-758 753.25 757.75 812 870.75
30 575 572-578 573.25 577.75 632 690.75 61 761 758-764 759.25 763.75 818 876.75
31 581 578-584 579.25 583.75 638 696.75 62 767 764-770 765.25 769.75 824 882.75
Unit: MHz
Audio IF: 54.25 MHz
Video IF: 58.75 MHz
TABLE 2
List of Receiving Freguencies in U.S. Channels
Local Local
Video Audio Oscil- Video Audio Oscil-
CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image
No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq. No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq.
2 57 54-60 55.25 59.75 101 146.75 43 647 644-650 645.25 649.75 691 736.75
3 63 60-66 61.25 65.75 107 152.75 44 653 650-656 651.25 655.75 697 742.75
4 69 66-72 67.25 71.75 113 158.75 45 659 656-662 657.25 661.75 703 748.75
5 79 76-82 77.25 81.75 123 168.75 46 665 662-668 663.25 667.75 709 754.75
6 85 82-88 83.25 87.75 129 174.75 47 671 668-674 669.25 673.75 715 760.75
7 177 174-180 175.25 179.75 221 266.75 48 677 674-680 675.25 679.75 721 766.75
8 183 180-186 181.25 185.75 227 272.75 49 683 680-686 681.25 685.75 727 772.75
9 189 186-192 187.25 191.75 233 278.75 50 689 686-692 687.25 691.75 733 778.75
35 599 596-602 597.25 601.75 643 688.75 76 845 842-848 843.25 847.75 889 934.75
36 605 602-608 603.25 607.75 649 694.75 77 851 848-854 849.25 853.75 895 940.75
37 611 608-614 609.25 613.75 655 700.75 78 857 854-860 855.25 859.75 901 946.75
38 617 614-620 615.25 619.75 661 706.75 79 863 860-866 861.25 865.75 907 952.75
39 623 620-626 621.25 625.75 667 712.75 80 869 866-872 867.25 871.75 913 958.75
40 629 626-632 627.25 631.75 673 718.75 81 875 872-878 873.25 877.75 919 964.75
41 635 632-638 633.25 637.75 679 724.75 82 881 878-884 879.25 883.75 925 970.75
42 641 638-644 639.25 643.75 685 730.75 83 887 884-890 885.25 889.75 931 976.75
Unit: MHZ
Audio IF: 41.25 MHz
Video IF: 45.75 MHz
TABLE 3
List of Receiving Frequencies in U.S. Channels for CATV
Local Local
Video Audio Oscil- Video Audio Oscil-
CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image
No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq. No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq.
2 57 54-60 55.25 59.75 101 146.75 R 267 264-270 265.25 269.75 311 356.75
3 63 60-66 61.25 65.75 107 152.75 S 273 270-276 271.25 275.75 317 362.75
4 69 66-72 67.25 71.75 113 158.75 T 279 276-282 277.25 281.75 323 368.75
5 79 76-82 77.25 81.75 123 168.75 U 285 282-288 283.25 287.75 329 374.75
6 85 82-88 83.25 87.75 129 174.75 V 291 288-294 289.25 293.75 335 380.75
A-6 87 84-90 85.25 89.75 131 176.75 W 297 294-300 295.25 299.75 341 386.75
A-5 93 90-96 91.25 95.75 137 182.75 W + 1  303 300-306 301.25 305.75 347 392.75
A-4 99  96-102 97.25 101.75 143 188.75 W + 2  309 306-312 307.25 311.75 353 398.75
J 219 216-222 217.25 221.75 263 308.75 W + 22 429 426-432 427.25 431.75 473 518.75
K 225 222-228 223.25 227.75 269 314.75 W + 23 435 432-438 433.25 437.75 479 524.75
L 231 228-234 229.25 233.75 275 320.75 W + 24 441 438-444 439.25 443.75 485 530.75
M 237 234-240 235.25 239.75 281 326.75 W + 25 447 444-450 445.25 449.75 491 536.75
N 243 240-246 241.25 245.75 287 332.75 W + 26 453 450-456 451.25 455.75 497 542.75
O 249 246-252 247.25 251.75 293 338.75 W + 27 459 456-462 457.25 461.75 503 548.75
P 255 252-258 253.25 257.75 299 344.75 W + 28 465 462-468 463.25 467.75 509 554.75
Q 261 258-264 259.25 263.75 305 350.75 W + 29 471 468-474 469.25 473.75 515 560.75
Unit: MHz
Audio IF: 41.25 MHz
Video IF: 45.75 MHz
TABLE 4
List of Receiving Frequencies in European (German) Channels
Local Local
Video Audio Oscil- Video Audio Oscil-
CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image
No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq. No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq.
2 50.5 47-54 48.25 53.75 87.15 126.05 40 626 622-630 623.25 628.75 662.15 701.05
3 57.5 54-61 55.25 60.75 94.15 133.05 41 634 630-638 631.25 636.75 670.15 709.05
4 64.5 61-68 62.25 67.75 101.15 140.05 42 642 638-646 639.25 644.75 678.15 717.05
5 177.5 174-181 175.25 180.75 214.15 253.05 43 650 646-654 647.25 652.75 686.15 725.05
6 184.5 181-188 182.25 187.75 221.15 260.05 44 658 654-662 655.25 660.75 694.15 733.05
7 191.5 188-195 189.25 194.75 228.15 267.05 45 666 662-670 663.25 668.75 702.15 741.05
8 198.5 195-202 196.25 201.75 235.15 274.05 46 674 670-678 671.25 676.75 710.15 749.05
9 205.5 202-209 203.25 208.75 242.15 281.05 47 682 678-686 679.25 684.75 718.15 757.05
32 562 558-566 559.25 564.75 598.15 637.05 62 802 798-806 799.25 804.75 838.15 877.05
33 570 566-574 567.25 572.75 606.15 645.05 63 810 806-814 807.25 812.75 846.15 885.05
34 578 574-582 575.25 580.75 614.15 653.05 64 818 814-822 815.25 820.75 854.15 893.05
35 586 582-590 583.25 588.75 622.15 661.05 65 826 822-830 823.25 828.75 862.15 901.05
36 594 590-598 591.25 596.75 630.15 669.05 66 834 830-838 831.25 836.75 870.15 909.05
37 602 598-606 599.25 604.75 638.15 677.05 67 842 838-846 839.25 844.75 878.15 917.05
38 610 606-614 607.25 612.75 646.15 685.05 68 850 846-854 847.25 852.75 886.15 925.05
39 618 614-622 615.25 620.75 654.15 693.05 69 858 854-862 855.25 860.75 894.15 933.05
Unit: MHz
Audio IF: 33.4 MHz
Video IF: 38.9 MHz
TABLE 5
List of Receiving Frequencies in European (German) Channels for CATV
Local Local
Video Audio Oscil- Video Audio Oscil-
CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image
No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq. No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq.
E2 50.5 47-54 48.25 53.75 87.15 126.05 S15 261.5 258-265 259.25 264.75 298.15 337.05
E3 57.5 54-61 55.25 60.75 94.15 133.05 S16 268.5 265-272 266.25 271.75 305.15 344.05
E4 64.5 61-68 62.25 67.75 101.15 140.05 S17 275.5 272-279 273.25 278.75 312.15 351.05
X 71.5 68-75 69.25 74.75 108.15 147.05 S18 282.5 279-286 280.25 285.75 319.15 358.05
Y 78.5 75-82 76.25 81.75 115.15 154.05 S19 289.5 286-293 287.25 292.75 326.15 365.05
Z 85.5 82-89 83.25 88.75 122.15 161.05 S20 296.5 293-300 294.25 299.75 333.15 372.05
S1 107.5 104-111 105.25 110.75 144.15 183.05 S21 306 302-310 303.25 308.75 342.15 381.05
S2 114.5 111-118 112.25 117.75 151.15 190.05 S22 314 310-318 311.25 316.75 350.15 389.05
E9  205.5 202-209 203.25 208.75 242.15 281.05 S35 418 414-422 415.25 420.75 454.15 493.05
E10 212.5 209-216 210.25 215.75 249.15 288.05 S36 426 422-430 423.25 428.75 462.15 501.05
E11 219.5 216-223 217.25 222.75 256.15 295.05 S37 434 430-438 431.25 436.75 470.15 509.05
E12 226.5 223-230 224.25 229.75 263.15 302.05 S38 442 438-446 439.25 444.75 478.15 517.05
S11 233.5 230-237 231.25 236.75 270.15 309.05 S39 450 446-454 447.25 452.75 486.15 525.05
S12 240.5 237-244 238.25 243.75 277.15 316.05 S40 458 454-462 455.25 460.75 494.15 533.05
S13 247.5 244-251 245.25 250.75 284.15 323.05 S41 466 462-470 463.25 468.75 502.15 541.05
S14 254.5 251-258 252.25 257.75 291.15 330.05
Unit: MHz
Audio IF: 33.4 MHz
Video IF: 38.9 MHz
TABLE 6
List of Receiving Frequencies in Chinese Channels
Local Local
Video Audio Oscil- Video Audio Oscil-
CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image CH Central Freq. Freq. Freq. lation Image
No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq. No. Freq. Range fp fs fosc Freq.
1 52.5 48.5-56.5 49.75 56.25 87.75 125.75 30 650 646-654 647.25 653.75 685.25 723.25
2 60.5 56.5-64.5 57.75 64.25 95.75 133.75 31 658 654-662 655.25 661.75 693.25 731.25
3 68.5 64.5-72.5 65.75 72.25 103.75 141.75 32 666 662-670 663.25 669.75 701.25 739.25
4 80 76-84 77.25 83.75 115.25 153.25 33 674 670-678 671.25 677.75 709.25 747.25
5 88 84-92 85.25 91.75 123.25 161.25 34 682 678-686 679.25 685.75 717.25 755.25
6 171 167-175 168.75 174.75 206.25 244.25 35 690 686-694 687.25 693.75 725.25 763.25
7 179 175-183 176.25 182.75 214.25 252.25 36 698 694-702 695.25 701.75 733.25 771.25
8 187 183-191 184.25 190.75 222.25 260.25 37 706 702-710 703.25 709.75 741.25 779.25
22 546 542-550 543.25 549.75 581.25 619.25 51 818 814-822 815.25 821.75 853.25 891.25
23 554 550-558 551.25 557.75 589.25 627.25 52 826 822-830 823.25 829.75 861.25 899.25
24 562 558-566 559.25 565.75 597.25 635.25 53 834 830-838 831.25 837.75 869.25 907.25
25 610 606-614 607.25 613.75 645.25 683.25 54 842 838-846 839.25 845.75 877.25 915.25
26 618 614-622 615.25 621.75 653.25 671.25 55 850 846-854 847.25 853.75 885.25 923.25
27 626 622-630 623.25 629.75 661.25 699.25 56 858 854-862 855.25 861.75 893.25 931.25
28 634 630-638 631.25 637.75 669.25 707.25 57 866 862-870 863.25 869.75 901.25 939.25
29 642 638-646 639.25 645.75 677.25 715.25
Unit: MHz
Audio IF: 31.5 MHz
Video IF: 38.0 MHz


Tables 1 to 6 describe the receiving frequencies including the central frequency, the frequency range of each channel number, the video frequency fp, the audio frequency fs, the local oscillation frequency fosc, the image frequency and the like, which are capable of normally receiving various radio waves of various channel numbers broadcast in Japan and abroad. Further, the list contains the audio intermediate frequency (audio IF) and the video intermediate frequency (video IF) after frequency conversion by using the tuner for every country. In these tables, however, the receiving frequencies for a part of the channel numbers are omitted. For the Japanese channels shown in Table 1, for example, the receiving frequencies of the channel Nos. 9 to 23 (CH9 to CH23) and Nos. 40 to 54 (CH40 to CH54) are not mentioned.

Furthermore, lists of color TV systems for every country in the principal parts of Asia, the principal parts of North and South Americas and the principal parts of Europe are shown in Tables 7 to 9, and a detailed list of color TV broadcast systems described in Tables 7 to 9 is shown in Table 10.
TABLE 7
List of Color TV Systems for Every Country
in the Principal Parts of Asia
System
Country VHF UHF Color Channel
Asia
Afghanistan B PAL C.C.I.R.
United Arab B PAL C.C.I.R.
Emirates
Yemen Arab Republic B PAL C.C.I.R.
Israel B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Iraq B SECAM C.C.I.R.
Islamic Republic of B SECAM C.C.I.R.
Iran
India B PAL C.C.I.R.
Indonesia B G PAL IN
Oman B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Qatar B PAL C.C.I.R.
Republic of Korea M M NTSC US
Democratic Cambodia M NTSC US
Democratic People's D SECAM OIRT
Republic of Korea
Cyprus B H PAL C.C.I.R.
B G
Kuwait B PAL C.C.I.R.
Saudi Arabia B G SECAM C.C.I.R.
Syrian Arab B SECAM C.C.I.R.
Republic
Singapore B PAL C.C.I.R.
Sri Lanka B PAL C.C.I.R.
Thailand B PAL C.C.I.R.
China D D PAL CHINA
Turkey B (PAL) C.C.I.R.
Nepal
Pakistan B PAL C.C.I.R.
Bahrain B PAL C.C.I.R.
Bangladesh B PAL C.C.I.R.
Burma M NTSC US*
Philippines M M NTSC US
Bhutan
Viet-Nam D
M
Malaysia B PAL C.C.I.R.
Brunei B PAL C.C.I.R.
Hong Kong I PAL UK
Macao
Taiwan M NTSC US
Japan M M NTSC JAPAN
*Presumed Channels
TABLE 8
List of Color TV Systems for Every Country
in the Principal Parts of North and South America
System
Country VHF UHF Color Channel
North and
South America
United States of M M NTSC US
America
Argentina N PAL US
Uruguay N PAL US*
Equador M NTSC US
El Salvador M NTSC US*
Guyana K1 NTSC F.O.T.
Canada M M NTSC US
Cuba M NTSC US*
Guatemala M NTSC US
Grenada
Costa Rica M NTSC US
Colombia M NTSC US*
Jamaica M NTSC US
Surinam M NTSC US
St. Vincent
Saint Lucia M NTSC US*
Chile M NTSC US
Dominican Republic M NTSC US
Commonwealth of
Dominica
Trinidad and Tobago M NTSC US
Nicaragua M NTSC US
Haiti M NTSC US*
Panama M NTSC US
Bahamas M NTSC US*
Paraguay N ? US*
Barbados M NTSC US
Brazil M M PAL US
Venezuela M NTSC US
Peru M NTSC US
Bolivia N PAL US
Honduras M NTSC US
Mexico M M NTSC US
*Presumed Channels
TABLE 9
List of Color TV Systems for Every Country
in the Principal Parts of Europe
System
Country VHF UHF Color Channel
Europe
Iceland B PAL C.C.I.R.
Ireland A I PAL IR
I
Albania B PAL IT*
Andorra
United Kingdom A I PAL UK
Italy B G PAL IT
Austria B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Netherlands B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Greece B G SECAM C.C.I.R.
San Marino B G PAL IT
Switzerland B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Sweden B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Spain B G PAL C.C.I.R.
C.I.S.
(Formally U.S.S.R.) D K SECAM OIRT
Czecho Slovakia D K SECAM OIRT
Denmark B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Federal Republic of B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Germany
Norway B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Vatican City State
Hungary D K SECAM OIRT
Finland B G PAL C.C.I.R.
France E L SECAM F
L
Bulgaria D K SECAM OIRT
Belgium B H PAL C.C.I.R.
Poland D K SECAM OIRT
Portugal B G PAL C.C.I.R.*
Malta B PAL C.C.I.R.
Principality of G L SECAM C.C.I.R.
Monaco G PAL
Yugoslavia B G PAL C.C.I.R.
Liechtenstein
Grand Duchy of C L SECAM C.C.I.R.*
Luxemburg G PAL
Rumania D D OIRT
*presumed Channel

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